Differences Between Unipolar and Bipolar Stepper Motors

Unipolar stepper motors and bipolar stepper motors are types of stepper motors. There are several differences between unipolar and bipolar stepper motors. In this week’s blog post, we will focus on these differences.

Unipolar Stepper Motors

Unipolar stepper motors are stepper motors with a single-sided current direction. These motors have two windings per phase. Magnetic poles are not required to determine the current direction. One of the cables in these motors is a common terminal cable. Since unipolar stepper motors have a low number of windings, it is not possible to achieve high torque values. Therefore, if you are looking for a stepper motor capable of high torque, a unipolar stepper motor will not be suitable for you. Controlling a unipolar stepper motor is extremely easy compared to a bipolar stepper motor.

Bipolar Stepper Motors

Bipolar stepper motors are dual-pole stepper motors. This allows them to perform bidirectional current operations. A separate drive operation is performed for each phase. In bipolar stepper motors, a magnetic pole must be used to determine the current direction. To reverse the direction of a bipolar motor, the magnetic pole is also reversed. In a bipolar stepper motor, there are two poles per phase. There is no common terminal on the cables. The number of coils in bipolar stepper motors is fewer than in unipolar stepper motors. This makes the use of thick coils easy and convenient. More current can be drawn with thick coils. Thus, bipolar stepper motors can achieve higher torque values.

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